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Performance and Weight & Balance

Datum is the leading edge of the wing

CG is center of gravity. Axis point for pitch and yaw

Arm​

In front of firewal is 1, behind the firewall is positive. Somethign might say -74 from

Baggage

Moment​

How much force is being exerted

Other Definitions​

  • CG limits
  • Station
  • Basic Empty Weight
  • Maximum Gross Weight
  • Useful Load

Low ledded gas is 6lb/gal Jet A, Jet A1: 6.8lb/gal Jet B - 6.5

Excessive Weight​

  • Higher Takeoff Speed Longer takeoff run reduced rate of climb and angle of climb Lower max altitude Shorter range Reduced cruise speed Reduced matuverability Higher stall speed higher approach and Landing speeds Longer landing roll Excessive weight on the nose wheeel or tail wheel

Stability​

Forward CG required higher angle of attack Aft CG is usually better cruise performance because you have a lower AOA which creates less drag

W&B Information​

Determined by the manufacturer When you remove items from the plane, do you have to do anything else? (Update the weight and balance)

Methods of Calculation​

Structure of atmosphere​

78% Nitrogen Oxygen Carbon dioxide

Atmospheric Pressure​

Standard pressure is 29.92 "Hg

1" is 1000

Elevation at 7S3 is 170ft above sea level

-90ft

Take the difference

Density Altitude​

Density altitude is the altitude equivalent

standard temperature is 15C or 59F You'll have to calculate density altitude

Make a chart about high density altitude == bad, high density == good low density == bad

Calculat etakeoff distances

Performance Speeds​

True Airspeed TAS Indicated Airspeed IAS Calibrated airspeed CAS Equivalent Airspeed EAS VS₀ - stall in flaps (landing config) VS₁ - Stall speed in specified config Vy best rate of climb Vx best climb angle Vle landing gear extension speed Vlo - Vfe - flap extended speed (white arc) Va - manuvering speed Vno - maxiumum structural cruising speed (smooth air only) Vne - never exceed - red line