Federal Aviation Regulations (FARs)

FAA is the governing body for all airspace in the US for everyone

Started in 1958

FSDOs - closest one in Hillsboro

CFR

Isnt' 121 a flight school type?

Other Publications

Aeronautical Information Manual (AIM)

PHAWK Pilots Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge

Advisory Circular Like a newsletter - they send out new info that might end up in PHAWK or AIM

INFOs and SAFOs

Airman Information System

NOTAMs

http://notams.faa.gov/

Share out small bits of infomation out to the public quickly. Example - runway closure, if a navaid like a VOR doesn't work.

FDC Notam - regualatory changes to IFR routes or TFRs (a type of NOTAM) D Notams

Update every 28 days

Chart supplements are updated every 56 days

Pilot's Operating Handbook

• General
• Limitations
• Emergency procedures
• Normal Procedures
• Performance
• W&B
• Systems
• Handling and maintenance

Supplmental Type Certificate

Type Certificate Data Sheet TCDS In order to be a Cesna150, it has to have this wing size, this kind of engine

If you deviate, you need a STC (Supplimental type certificate). You have to file an application for this to be added to the airplane before you can

It's organized like a

Part 61 - how t become a pilot

Total flight time - 40h 20 with instructor 3h sim 10 solo, 3to & l at towered airport 3 h of night 5h of solo cross country 10 takeoffs

XC must be more than 50 NM from origin airport

PPL Privelages & Limitations

Privelages You can be PIC for non-commertial purposes.

You can cerry passengengers. You can share expenses. You cannot be compensated Pro-rata share.

Lots of comensation that you still cant accept, like trading favors

You can fly for a business as long as it's incidental to the buiness. You can fly yourself to the business meeting but not your boss or employees. You can't make a

The flight can be covered completely if you're flying for charity

Limitations

No Compendations or Hire

Carrying Passengers for Compensation

Aircraft Type/Category Limitations Type rating is when it's a rating for the specific plan Multi engine is a class - you need a liscense for these classes

Aircraft Categories

Classes

• Milti vs single
• milti eng sea vs multi engine land

Type

• For one airplane

4. Instrument flight limitations IMC Instrument meteorological

5. Currency and proficiency Currency - is it legal? Proficiency - have you practiced enough to be safe?

To carry passengers, in the last 90 days

You need a bi annual proficiency check. You need an annual flight review.

If you get a new rating, it resets the clock

WINGS program only omits the ground portion

Currency and proficiency requirements

Endorsements: 1h of ground and 1h of flight training and you can get these type ratings

• Tailwheel
  • Has a tail, duh
• High Performance
  • over 200hp
• High Altitude (Pressureized)
  • Ceiling over 24000ft
  • Ceiling is
• Complex
  • Must have all three:
    • retractable landing gear
    • constant speed propeller - can change it's pitch

If it has hydraulic flaps

Personal minimum

Part 91 Regulations

91.3

Preflight Action

• The pilot in command needs to

91.19 Minimum safe altitudes Congested Ares - 1000ft aboe highest obstacle Other than congested - 500 Helicopters arent limited the same

.123 ATC - must comply with ATC unless it's unsafe. As the pilot you get the final responsibility. So if they tell you to climb

.151 Fuel requirements Must ensure there's enough fuel for the flight Day: fly to initial destination plus 30m at cruise Night: Plus 45m

Reality - just have an hour

.155 Minimum weather 3 SM of visibility and 1000ft ceiling

.157 Special VFR Clearance you can get from an authority ATC as long as you can get 1SM and you can be clear of clouds

.203 Certifications Required

Need your medical, your liscense, your logbook with your endorsement A - airworthiness certificate (must be displayed to passengers) R - registration (must be displayed to passengers) R - radio lisence. Go to the FSDO and certify you speak english O - Operating Limitations. POH W - Weight and balance

.405 AVIATES Maintained to regulation requirements

Airframe, engine and propeller logbook

.409 AVIATES 100h inspection

.417 Maintenance records

.503 Prohibition Can't carry hazardous materials

FSDO is a bit trickier to work with

.515 Put your seatbelt on. Unless youre 2 or younger

.527 No smoking

.211 Oxygen is required 12,500 - must have it for the pilot 14,000 - pilot must use oxygen continuously 15,000 - must have o2 for everyone

.113 Right of Way rules

In distress aircraft has the right of way

Converging

Baloon over aircraft glider over airship, powered parachute,

.409 AVIATES

Annual: 12 calendat months - due the last day of that month VOR: 30 days if IFR 1: if it's for hire, it needs a 100h inspection. You have a 10h "grace period". If you overfly that by like 5h, you have to do the next one at 95h, but you need a ferry permit that says its safe to fly. ADs: Airworthiness Directives - docs for any faults in the airplane the maker has issued. They might be one-time. Some are also one-time ADs. These can't be overflown. Transponder: 24 calendar months - don't need for VFR - only if it's been in use. ELT - emergency locator transmitter. 12 calendar months OR 50% bettery life OR 1h of cummulative use. You can fly up to 50 NM without an ELT AND it has to be a flight training flight. Pitot/Static: 24 calendar months

STC??

.205 A TOMATO FLAMES

FLAPS - fuses, something..?

Taking the test - you usually get one major miss and 2-3 little ones

.213 Instruments and Equipment Twin oakes does not have minimim equipemnt in the planes, they do have a type certificate data sheet

(MEL) Minimum Equipment List

(KOEL) (sounds like k-whwwl but it's the letters said really fast) Kinds of Operations Equipment List

Medical standards

NTSB

Like the police for flying

You ust file a report if:

1. Serious injury or death
2. Substantial Damage
3. In flight loss of control or collistion
4. Other occurances

Immediate: Fire or loss of control others are within 10 days Must report if an overdue aircraft is 7 days overdue

Part 43 Preventative maintenace for owners

1. Checking and changing oil
2. Replacing spark plugs
3. Replacing landing gear tires
4. replacing or servicing the battery
5. Servicing or replacing the air filter

Anything remotely serious must be done by a mechanic. You can do just about anything if an A&P is watching

Quiz

1. Where can you find information on Federal Aviation Regulations? What about other FAA Publications?

The FAR/AIM, Online, Foreflight, etc.

2. Give a rough explanation for what NOTAMS are.

Notice to Air Missions, used to convey useful information about airport or airspace environments to pilots. D NOTAMS cover things like runway closures and FDC NOTAMS cover things like instrument procedural changes.

3. What information can you find in a POH? Where can you find a POH for your plane?

Operating limitations, performance info, V speeds, etc.

4. When is an STC (Supplemental Type Certificate) required?

When operating outside the Type Certificate Data Sheet (TCDS)

5. What is Part 61 about? Part 91?

How to get your license (Part 61)
How to lose your license (Part 91)

6. List three privileges and limitations for a Private Pilot License?

Fly passengers, Act as PIC, Fly at night, into a bravo without an endorsement
No IFR flight, No compensation or hire, Only flight incidental to business

7. What is the required minimum fuel for VFR flight? Does it change at night?

30 min day VFR
45 min night VFR

8. Define the acronyms:

a. ARROW
Airworthiness Certificate (Indefinite unless it becomes not airworthy for any number of reasons)
Radio Operator (Both a component for the pilot and the aircraft)
Registration (Good for 7 yrs)
Operating Limitations (POH)
Weight and Balance (current)

b. AV1ATES
Annual (Every 12 calendar months, only overflown with a ferry permit obtained from FSDO)
VOR (Every 30 days checked for IFR)
100 Hour (For hire, can be overflown by 10 hrs for flight to maintenance facility)
Airworthiness Directives (Varies on timeframe to be done)
Transponder (2 years)
Emergency Locator Transmitter (Every 12 months, ½ battery life or 1 hour cumulative use)
Static System (Altimeter) (Every 2 years)

9. Where would you look if I asked “Is the airspeed indicator required for VFR?” What about fuses at night?

FAR 91.205 (yes they are)